Unit 2
IB Topic 2: Unification and consolidation of Germany and Italy 1815‑90
Test Date: September 15
This section deals with the emergence and growth of nationalism
in the German states and the Italian peninsula, and the foundation
and consolidation of power in these newly established nation states.
It requires consideration of the social, economic and political
factors involved in the unification process, the role of individuals
as well as the significance of foreign involvement in that process.
The changing balance of power after 1870‑71 and relations with
existing European Powers should be considered along with the main
domestic policies and problems of the new states.
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Revolutions in Italy and the significance of Rome; Austrian Empire and the German states between 1815 and 1848-- summary. (Section 50, 51, 60)
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Unification of Italy (Spark Notes): growth of power of Piedmont-Sardinia; Mazzini, Cavour and Garibaldi; foreign involvement and its effects (Book Section 64)
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The rise of Prussia 1815‑62: political and economic factors including the German Confederation, the Zollverein; Prussian–Austrian relations to 1866 (Book Section 65)
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Decline of Austrian influence: Crimean War; Italy; Austro–Prussian War 1866; Dual Monarchy of Austria Hungary; challenge of nationalism (Book Section 65)
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Bismarck, Prussia and unification: diplomatic, economic, military reorganization; wars of unification; 1871 Constitution (Book Section 65)
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Comparison of Italian and German unification
Wars: Crimean War 1854, Italian War 1859, Danish War 1864, Austro-Prussian War 1866, Franco-Prussian War 1870-71